【hard的用法总结大全】“hard”是一个在英语中非常常见的词，既可以作形容词，也可以作副词，甚至在某些情况下还可以作为动词使用。它的用法多样，含义丰富，掌握好“hard”的不同用法对提高英语表达能力非常重要。以下是对“hard”用法的全面总结，便于学习和查阅。
一、基本词性及含义
| 词性 | 英文解释 | 中文解释 | 例句 |
| 形容词 | not soft or easily bent | 硬的；困难的 | This table is very hard. |
| 副词 | with great effort or intensity | 努力地；猛烈地 | He worked hard to pass the exam. |
| 动词 | to make something firm or solid | 使变硬；打（球） | The sun hardens the clay. |
二、常见搭配与用法
1. as hard as...
表示“像……一样难/硬”
- She works as hard as her brother.
- This stone is as hard as iron.
2. hard at it / hard on someone
表示“努力工作”或“对某人严厉”
- He's been working hard at his studies.
- The teacher was hard on the students.
3. hard to do something
表示“很难做某事”
- It's hard to believe what he said.
- This problem is hard to solve.
4. hardly
虽然拼写相似，但“hardly”是副词，意思是“几乎不”，与“hard”不同。
- I hardly have time to eat.
- He can hardly speak English.
> 注意：不要将“hardly”与“hard”混淆，两者意义完全不同。
5. hard work / hard time
表示“辛苦的工作”或“艰难的时期”
- She put in a lot of hard work.
- We had a hard time during the storm.
三、常见错误与易混词对比
| 正确用法 | 错误用法 | 解释 |
| He studied hard. | He studied hardly. | “hardly”表示“几乎不”，不能用于此语境。 |
| It's hard to understand. | It's hardly to understand. | “hardly”不能修饰动词。 |
| She worked hard. | She worked hardly. | 同上，副词用法错误。 |
四、总结表格
| 用法类型 | 词性 | 例子 | 说明 |
| 形容词 | adj. | hard ground | 表示“坚硬的地面” |
| 副词 | adv. | He ran hard | 表示“努力地跑” |
| 动词 | v. | The sun hardens the soil | 表示“使变硬” |
| 固定搭配 | —— | as hard as... | 比较结构 |
| 固定短语 | —— | hard at it | 努力工作 |
| 易混词 | —— | hardly | 表示“几乎不”，与“hard”不同 |
通过以上内容的学习，可以更全面地理解“hard”这个词的不同用法及其在句子中的作用。在实际使用中，要注意区分“hard”与“hardly”的区别，并注意其在不同语境下的具体含义。希望这份总结能帮助你在英语学习中更加得心应手！
